{"id":583,"date":"2021-07-26T14:35:54","date_gmt":"2021-07-26T14:35:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/?p=583"},"modified":"2024-06-09T08:21:10","modified_gmt":"2024-06-09T08:21:10","slug":"the-old-city-of-sanaa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/the-old-city-of-sanaa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062d\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 2,500 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f -\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629- \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref26\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629. 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\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2013.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0646\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.6 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0625\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u062d<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref27\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref28\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a> \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0628\u0623 \u0648\u0630\u0648 \u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 140-150 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 1070-1080 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref29\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 2,500 \u0633\u0646\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref30\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 2,350 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u064f\u0642\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u062d \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref31\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a> \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0623\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref32\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a> \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 750 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1250)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref33\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (819-1018) \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 (1229-1454) \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref34\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a> \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0636\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 819\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1000.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref35\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_14661\" style=\"width: 1010px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14661\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14661\" src=\"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2021-07-14-at-12.27.22-PM.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"416\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14661\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The souk in the Old City of Sana\u2019a, June 2021 \/\/ Sana&#8217;a Center photo by Asem Alposi<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (910 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f &#8211; 525 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a). \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u063a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref36\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629. \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 115- 80 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0633. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref37\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (627 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a &#8211; 1129 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a). \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref38\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645 (627 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a)\u060c \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 998 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref39\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a> \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646\u062a 70 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0643\u0646.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref40\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645 525 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a (1131 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a)\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646.<a href=\"#_ftn41\" name=\"_ftnref41\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (1547 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a &#8211; 1629 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a). \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0628 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref42\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref43\"><sup>[18]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062d \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref44\"><sup>[19]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a -\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a- \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref45\"><sup>[20]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_14663\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14663\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14663\" src=\"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2021-07-14-at-12.26.50-PM.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14663\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old City of Sana\u2019a, June 2021 \/\/ Sana&#8217;a Center photo by Asem Alposi<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648) \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1986\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636. \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0622\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636&#8221;.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref46\"><sup>[21]<\/sup><\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633).<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref47\"><sup>[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a:<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064d \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633: \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633: \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 6 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a.\u00a0 <strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref48\"><sup>[23]<\/sup><\/a> \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629 (\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref49\"><sup>[24]<\/sup><\/a> \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0622\u0630\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f 5,87 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref50\"><sup>[25]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 56 \u062d\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 7 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a \u064842 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064840 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u064815 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref51\"><sup>[26]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2004 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 156,569 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref52\"><sup>[27]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<h5>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/h5>\n<p>\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/\u0622\u0628 2020 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648\u060c<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref53\"><sup>[28]<\/sup><\/a> \u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 6,400\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641.<a href=\"#_ftn54\" name=\"_ftnref54\"><sup>[29]<\/sup><\/a> \u064a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 2019-2017\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref55\"><sup>[30]<\/sup><\/a> \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a- \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref56\"><sup>[31]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1982.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref57\"><sup>[32]<\/sup><\/a> \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 6,900 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 50 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644)\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062c\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref58\"><sup>[33]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645 1984\u060c \u062f\u064f\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 66% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref59\"><sup>[34]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref60\"><sup>[35]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0645\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref61\"><sup>[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref62\"><sup>[37]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621. \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_14665\" style=\"width: 338px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14665\" class=\" wp-image-14665\" src=\"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2021-07-14-at-4.10.31-PM.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"328\" height=\"510\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14665\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old City Sana\u2019a, June 2021 \/\/ Sana&#8217;a Center photo by Asem Alposi<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 26 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1962 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u064f\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0630\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref63\"><sup>[38]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645 1979\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0634\u064f\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636\u060c<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref64\"><sup>[39]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref65\"><sup>[40]<\/sup><\/a> \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref66\"><sup>[41]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (5) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 16 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2013\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref67\"><sup>[42]<\/sup><\/a> \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 16 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref68\"><sup>[43]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref69\"><sup>[44]<\/sup><\/a> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a -\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b- \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref70\"><sup>[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (126) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 16 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2013 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u063a\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref71\"><sup>[46]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 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\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref72\"><sup>[47]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 2015 \u06482018 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 150 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u064815 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref73\"><sup>[48]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref74\"><sup>[49]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_14667\" style=\"width: 1010px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14667\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14667\" src=\"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2021-07-14-at-4.13.55-PM.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14667\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old City Sana\u2019a, June 2021 \/\/ Sana&#8217;a Center photo by Asem Alposi<\/p><\/div>\n<h3>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 -\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629- \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 -\u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644- \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 260 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 117 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u064840 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064b\u0627.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref75\"><sup>[50]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 2016. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2018 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/\u0622\u0628 2021 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref76\"><sup>[51]<\/sup><\/a> \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 129 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 80 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a. \u0623\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064e \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646&#8221;. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0630 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref77\"><sup>[52]<\/sup><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0647\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_14669\" style=\"width: 361px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14669\" class=\" wp-image-14669\" src=\"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/WhatsApp-Image-2021-07-14-at-4.16.10-PM.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"478\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-14669\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old City of Sana\u2019a, June 2021 \/\/ Sana&#8217;a Center photo by Asem Alposi<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629. \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 -\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref78\"><sup>[53]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631 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\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644 70% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref79\"><sup>[54]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (26) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (13) \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<a id=\"Endnotes\"><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a&#8221;\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/385\">https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/385<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 2\u060c 2005\u060c \u0635. 20.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0635. 57\u060c56.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062d: &#8220;\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c&#8221; \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c 2004\u060c \u0635. 39.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a&#8221;\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/385\">https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/385<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 1999\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629) \u0635. 24.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0629 (\u0628\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0643\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c 1987)\u060c \u0635. 19-20. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/in\/rest\/annotationSVC\/DownloadWatermarkedAttachment\/attach_import_5318fc1e-5efa-43d4-b182-89080a8c6cb8?_%3D071940eng.pdf%26to%3D200%26from%3D1%23pdfjs.action%3Ddownload&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1621280874968000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2Rdf7005-niLQFCB61VUl\">https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/in\/rest\/annotationSVC\/DownloadWatermarkedAttachment\/attach_import_5318fc1e-5efa-43d4-b182-89080a8c6cb8?_%3D071940eng.pdf%26to%3D200%26from%3D1%23pdfjs.action%3Ddownload&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1621280874968000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2Rdf7005-niLQFCB61VUl<\/a>&#8211;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c&#8221;\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 300 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 400 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c 2001\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0635. 208.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 2005\u060c \u0635. 159.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0635. 113.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0647\u064f\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u064a\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u063a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d. \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 &#8220;\u064a\u0633\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0635. 87-89.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u0635. 77-75.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c &#8220;\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647&#8221;\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635. 119.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 300 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 400 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c 2001\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0635.89.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u064a\u0633\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0635. 111-109.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u0635. 119-115.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c &#8220;\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c&#8221; \u0635. 120.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u064a\u0633\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0635. 111 &#8211; 109.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u0635. 180..<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 2\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 2 (2016)\u060c\u00a0 <a 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href=\"https:\/\/www.aaup.edu\/ar\/Research\/Journals\/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AB\/Archive\/Volume-2\/Issue-2\/2016\/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%84%D9%85%D9%81%D9%87%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85\">&#8211;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aaup.edu\/ar\/Research\/Journals\/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AB\/Archive\/Volume-2\/Issue-2\/2016\/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%84%D9%85%D9%81%D9%87%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aaup.edu\/ar\/Research\/Journals\/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AB\/Archive\/Volume-2\/Issue-2\/2016\/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%84%D9%85%D9%81%D9%87%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85\">&#8211;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aaup.edu\/ar\/Research\/Journals\/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AB\/Archive\/Volume-2\/Issue-2\/2016\/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%84%D9%85%D9%81%D9%87%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/79\/79\/\">http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/79\/79\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a&#8221;\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/385\">https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/385<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0635. 27.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0628\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2020\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/arrafid.ae\/Article-Preview?I=QyNr2kNX6Gg%3D&amp;m=5U3QQE93T%2F0%3D\">https:\/\/arrafid.ae\/Article-Preview?I=QyNr2kNX6Gg%3D&amp;m=5U3QQE93T%2F0%3D<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u064a\u0633\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0635. 51-50. \u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0635. 50.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a&#8221;\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/385\">https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/385<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 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href=\"https:\/\/en.unesco.org\/themes\/culture-in-emergencies\/Protecting-Cultural-Heritage-and-Diversity-in-Complex-Emergencies-for-Stability-and-Peace\">https:\/\/en.unesco.org\/themes\/culture-in-emergencies\/Protecting-Cultural-Heritage-and-Diversity-in-Complex-Emergencies-for-Stability-and-Peace<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 2019-2017\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">http<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">:\/\/<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">www<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">.<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">gophcy<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">.<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">org<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">\/<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">&#8211;<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gophcy.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\">\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c (2008)\u060c <a href=\"about:blank\">https<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">:\/\/<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">historicalcities<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">.<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">wordpress<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">.<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">com<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">\/<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">&#8211;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">&#8211;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">&#8211;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">&#8211;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/historicalcities.wordpress.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE\/\">\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0639\u0627\u0645 1984\u060c \u0634\u064f\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a0 1985 \u0634\u064f\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0635. 210.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 16 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2013\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 5\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/yemen-nic.info\/db\/laws_ye\/detail.php?ID=69331\">https:\/\/yemen-nic.info\/db\/laws_ye\/detail.php?ID=69331<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 ..\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u0633\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u061f&#8221; \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 18 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2018\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/althawrah.ye\/archives\/41562\">http:\/\/althawrah.ye\/archives\/41562<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 16 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2013\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 145.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c &#8220;\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062b.. \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u063a\u0631\u0651\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0633\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c 20 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\/\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2013\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/wwwalsabaeinet.blogspot.com\/2013\/07\/blog-post_7784.html\">https:\/\/wwwalsabaeinet.blogspot.com\/2013\/07\/blog-post_7784.html<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641\u060c 14 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0648\u062a&#8221;\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 19476\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2018.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0645\u0634\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c 19 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 2021\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648: 15:52)\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ZRRGLnM2sAk\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ZRRGLnM2sAk<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 129 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/en.unesco.org\/doha\/cashforworkyemen\">https:\/\/en.unesco.org\/doha\/cashforworkyemen<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641\u060c 14 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 2,500 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0641\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f -\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":557,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/583"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=583"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/583\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1042,"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/583\/revisions\/1042"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/557"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=583"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=583"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=583"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}