{"id":792,"date":"2022-01-17T11:09:28","date_gmt":"2022-01-17T11:09:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/?p=792"},"modified":"2022-01-17T11:09:28","modified_gmt":"2022-01-17T11:09:28","slug":"the-impact-of-the-yemen-war-on-the-priorities-and-needs-of-youth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ypf\/ar\/the-impact-of-the-yemen-war-on-the-priorities-and-needs-of-youth\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0646 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\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064d \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064d \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 2011\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2010<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641. \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 &#8211; \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8211; 23 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628. \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 75% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 &#8211; \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 60 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629 &#8211; \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a &#8211; \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2050. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u060c<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a> \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d).<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 (2001-2006) \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0631 (2006-2011) \u0623\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2005\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2006 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015\u060c \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 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2011<\/em><\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 2011\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f 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\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u062c\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 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\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 &#8220;\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644.&#8221;<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 13 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a> \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 13 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 70 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0623\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref18\"><sup>[18]<\/sup><\/a> \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0641: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref19\"><sup>[19]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 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\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 &#8211; \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4><em>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629<\/em><\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a 18 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2011\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221;. \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0627 45 \u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref20\"><sup>[20]<\/sup><\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 (\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 &#8211; \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a &#8211; \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b &#8220;\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref21\"><sup>[21]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 &#8211; \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646 &#8211; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2011\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u062d\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref22\"><sup>[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref23\"><sup>[23]<\/sup><\/a> \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0632\u062a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0645\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref24\"><sup>[24]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref26\"><sup>[26]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629)&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref27\"><sup>[27]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 &#8220;\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref28\"><sup>[28]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref29\"><sup>[29]<\/sup><\/a> \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062e\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0646 &#8220;\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref30\"><sup>[30]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0630\u0631\u060c<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref31\"><sup>[31]<\/sup><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref32\"><sup>[32]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref33\"><sup>[33]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 33%\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref34\"><sup>[34]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<h4><em>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/em><\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0632\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u062d\u062b\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref35\"><sup>[35]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2011. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0638\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630. \u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2013 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2014.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref36\"><sup>[36]<\/sup><\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref37\"><sup>[37]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 2014 \u06482051 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2011 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2012\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628)\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 &#8220;\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref38\"><sup>[38]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a. \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0632 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0633\u062f \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref39\"><sup>[39]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628. \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h4><em>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/em><\/h4>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2013\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref40\"><sup>[40]<\/sup><\/a> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref41\"><sup>[41]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 2051 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2012. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 &#8220;\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref42\"><sup>[42]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a 18 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2013\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 565 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a). \u0648\u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 47 %. \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0637\u064f\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 20% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 40 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 1000 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref43\"><sup>[43]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 18 \u064840 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 2011.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref44\"><sup>[44]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 40 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0621\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064018 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 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(\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628) \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref45\"><sup>[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a 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\u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0645.&#8221;<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref54\"><sup>[54]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref55\"><sup>[55]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: 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\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0628.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref59\"><sup>[59]<\/sup><\/a> \u0642\u0627\u0644 &#8220;\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0628\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0646&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref60\"><sup>[60]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref61\"><sup>[61]<\/sup><\/a> \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629).<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref62\"><sup>[62]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0638\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref63\"><sup>[63]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 25 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 15 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 80% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref64\"><sup>[64]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 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href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref65\"><sup>[65]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2016\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 40 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref66\"><sup>[66]<\/sup><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 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\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646) \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref68\"><sup>[68]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0645. \u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u064a\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0642\u064f\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0641\u0646\u0647&#8221;.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref70\"><sup>[70]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a: &#8220;\u0623\u0633\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0622\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0644\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref71\"><sup>[71]<\/sup><\/a> \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639. \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0629.<a href=\"#Endnotes\" name=\"_ftnref72\"><sup>[72]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0646: &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 [\u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0646] \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0645&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062b\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/em><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><em>\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646:<\/em><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><em>\u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><em>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631. \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 <a id=\"Endnotes\"><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol id=\"endotes-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u060c &#8220;\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2009\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/files\/yemen_downward_spiral.pdf\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/files\/yemen_downward_spiral.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 2010: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/sites\/reliefweb.int\/files\/resources\/2D11821049E382E48525782200637A8C-Full_Report.pdf\">https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/sites\/reliefweb.int\/files\/resources\/2D11821049E382E48525782200637A8C-Full_Report.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0623\u0628\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062b\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a&#8221; \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u060c 23 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2010\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/world\/mena\/yemen-faces-population-explosion-time-bomb-1.510447\">https:\/\/www.thenationalnews.com\/world\/mena\/yemen-faces-population-explosion-time-bomb-1.510447<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c 14 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\/\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2008\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenewhumanitarian.org\/news\/2008\/07\/14\/government-planning-curb-population-growth\">https:\/\/www.thenewhumanitarian.org\/news\/2008\/07\/14\/government-planning-curb-population-growth<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 9\u060c 30 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2009.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0643\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c&#8221; \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631\u062c\u060c 7 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\/\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2020\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/engelsbergideas.com\/essays\/making-sense-of-the-yemen-war\/\">https:\/\/engelsbergideas.com\/essays\/making-sense-of-the-yemen-war\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645.\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c&#8221; \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 2019\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/2019-05\/Yemen_The_60_Year_War.pdf\">https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/2019-05\/Yemen_The_60_Year_War.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628&#8221;\u060c 19 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2013\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ye.undp.org\/content\/yemen\/en\/home\/library\/democratic_governance\/primary-proposal-for-related-youth-policies\/\">https:\/\/www.ye.undp.org\/content\/yemen\/en\/home\/library\/democratic_governance\/primary-proposal-for-related-youth-policies\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c&#8221; 4 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2010\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/www.felixnews.com\/news-5052.html\">http:\/\/www.felixnews.com\/news-5052.html<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u060c &#8220;\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2018\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/pomeps.org\/the-rise-and-fall-and-necessity-of-yemens-youth-movements\">https:\/\/pomeps.org\/the-rise-and-fall-and-necessity-of-yemens-youth-movements<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/info.undp.org\/docs\/pdc\/Documents\/YEM\/Youth%20Observatory%20Project%20Document%20Yemen.pdf\">https:\/\/info.undp.org\/docs\/pdc\/Documents\/YEM\/Youth%20Observatory%20Project%20Document%20Yemen.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u060c &#8220;\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2018\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/pomeps.org\/the-rise-and-fall-and-necessity-of-yemens-youth-movements\">https:\/\/pomeps.org\/the-rise-and-fall-and-necessity-of-yemens-youth-movements<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u060c 13 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2015\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13629395.2015.1081446?needAccess=true\">https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13629395.2015.1081446?needAccess=true<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621: \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arab-reform.net\/publication\/the-square-of-change-in-sanaa-an-incubator-for-reform\/\">https:\/\/www.arab-reform.net\/publication\/the-square-of-change-in-sanaa-an-incubator-for-reform\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 26 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\/\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631 2011\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jadaliyya.com\/pages\/index\/1689\/counter-proposal\">http:\/\/www.jadaliyya.com\/pages\/index\/1689\/counter-proposal<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u062d\u062c\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0628\u0627\u0628.. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629&#8221;\u060c\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c 11 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2012\u060c https:\/\/almasdaronline.com\/articles\/78575<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 27 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/43735\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/43735<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u0645\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c 12 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 2013\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/report\/2013\/02\/12\/unpunished-massacre\/yemens-failed-response-friday-dignity-killings\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/report\/2013\/02\/12\/unpunished-massacre\/yemens-failed-response-friday-dignity-killings<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u062a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u064a\u0644\u060c &#8220;\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u061f: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u060c&#8221; LSE IDEAS\u060c \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\/\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631 2012\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/eprints.lse.ac.uk\/43465\/1\/After%20the%20Arab%20Spring_Yemen%E2%80%99s%20Arab%20Spring%28lsero%29.pdf\">http:\/\/eprints.lse.ac.uk\/43465\/1\/After%20the%20Arab%20Spring_Yemen\u2019s%20Arab%20Spring%28lsero%29.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0632\u060c 26 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/persian-gulf\/2011-09-26\/yemens-hijacked-revolution?page=2\">https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/persian-gulf\/2011-09-26\/yemens-hijacked-revolution?page=2<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u062d\u062c\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0628 2011 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u061f&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c 19 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\/\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 2016\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ar\/yemen-in-crisis-ar\/38\">https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ar\/yemen-in-crisis-ar\/38<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u060c 13 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2015\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13629395.2015.1081446?needAccess=true\">https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13629395.2015.1081446?needAccess=true<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u062d\u062c\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0628 2011 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u061f&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c 19 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\/\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 2016\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ar\/yemen-in-crisis-ar\/38\">https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/ar\/yemen-in-crisis-ar\/3<\/a> <\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0632\u060c 26 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/almasdaronline.com\/articles\/78575\">https:\/\/almasdaronline.com\/articles\/78575<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u064a\u0644\u060c 19 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2016\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/almasdaronline.com\/articles\/78575\">https:\/\/almasdaronline.com\/articles\/78575<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a&#8221;\u060c \u062f\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0647\u060c 2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/v44ykbva\">https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/v44ykbva<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0648\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0644\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2012\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/11077395\/Moving_Beyond_Promises_Perceptions_priorities_and_participation_of_youth_in_Yemen_s_transition\">https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/11077395\/Moving_Beyond_Promises_Perceptions_priorities_and_participation_of_youth_in_Yemen_s_transition<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641: \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0633\u060c 7 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2015. \u0635. 150-169\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13629395.2015.1081454?needAccess=true\">https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13629395.2015.1081454?needAccess=true<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 27 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2011\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/43735\">https:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/43735<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u060c &#8220;\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 29 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0631 2021\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ispionline.it\/en\/pubblicazione\/yemens-political-activists-find-new-spaces-mobilization-29776#n1\">https:\/\/www.ispionline.it\/en\/pubblicazione\/yemens-political-activists-find-new-spaces-mobilization-29776#n1<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u060c 13 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2015\u060c \u0635. 170-191\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13629395.2015.1081446?needAccess=true\">https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13629395.2015.1081446?needAccess=true<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/\u0622\u0628 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a\u060c&#8221; \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 2013\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/bitstream\/handle\/10986\/16638\/810950WP0ENGLI0Box0379828B00PUBLIC0.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y\">https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/bitstream\/handle\/10986\/16638\/810950WP0ENGLI0Box0379828B00PUBLIC0.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0622\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u061f&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2018\u060c \u0635. 5\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/i.unu.edu\/media\/cpr.unu.edu\/attachment\/2753\/PD-Yemen.pdf\">https:\/\/i.unu.edu\/media\/cpr.unu.edu\/attachment\/2753\/PD-Yemen.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c&#8221; \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 2014\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/merip.org\/2014\/12\/the-breakdown-of-the-gcc-initiative\/\">https:\/\/merip.org\/2014\/12\/the-breakdown-of-the-gcc-initiative\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c 2014\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/osesgy.unmissions.org\/sites\/default\/files\/4-youth_constituional_guidlines_en.pdf\">https:\/\/osesgy.unmissions.org\/sites\/default\/files\/4-youth_constituional_guidlines_en.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f: \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\/\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d\u061f&#8221; \u0627\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 2016\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.idea.int\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/yemens-peaceful-transition-from-autocracy.pdf\">https:\/\/www.idea.int\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/yemens-peaceful-transition-from-autocracy.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2051 (2012)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643\u060c 12 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2012\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/unscr.com\/files\/2012\/02051.pdf\">http:\/\/unscr.com\/files\/2012\/02051.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a: \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a SWP\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/\u0622\u0628 2013\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.swp-berlin.org\/publications\/products\/comments\/2013C23_wzr.pdf\">https:\/\/www.swp-berlin.org\/publications\/products\/comments\/2013C23_wzr.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c USIP\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0642\u0645 352\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 2014\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usip.org\/sites\/default\/files\/SR342_Process-Lessons-Learned-in-Yemens-National-Dialogue.pdf\">https:\/\/www.usip.org\/sites\/default\/files\/SR342_Process-Lessons-Learned-in-Yemens-National-Dialogue.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a: \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a SWP\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/\u0622\u0628 2013\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.swp-berlin.org\/publications\/products\/comments\/2013C23_wzr.pdf\">https:\/\/www.swp-berlin.org\/publications\/products\/comments\/2013C23_wzr.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u063a\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c 2 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 2018\u060c \u0635. 71\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unfpa.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resource-pdf\/Progress_Study_on_Youth_Peace_Security_A-72-761_S-2018-86_ENGLISH.pdf\">https:\/\/www.unfpa.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resource-pdf\/Progress_Study_on_Youth_Peace_Security_A-72-761_S-2018-86_ENGLISH.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0631 2014\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/siyasatarabiya.dohainstitute.org\/ar\/issue007\/Pages\/Siyassat07-2014_Elsharjabi.pdf\">https:\/\/siyasatarabiya.dohainstitute.org\/ar\/issue007\/Pages\/Siyassat07-2014_Elsharjabi.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a: \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a SWP\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/\u0622\u0628 2013\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.swp-berlin.org\/publications\/products\/comments\/2013C23_wzr.pdf\">https:\/\/www.swp-berlin.org\/publications\/products\/comments\/2013C23_wzr.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c 2014\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/osesgy.unmissions.org\/sites\/default\/files\/4-youth_constituional_guidlines_en.pdf\">https:\/\/osesgy.unmissions.org\/sites\/default\/files\/4-youth_constituional_guidlines_en.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0631\u0623\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c 7 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2014\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/menasource\/what-yemen-s-youth-got-out-of-the-national-dialogue-conference\/\">https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/menasource\/what-yemen-s-youth-got-out-of-the-national-dialogue-conference\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632\u060c &#8220;\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0648\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0644\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2012\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/11077395\/Moving_Beyond_Promises_Perceptions_priorities_and_participation_of_youth_in_Yemen_s_transition\">https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/11077395\/Moving_Beyond_Promises_Perceptions_priorities_and_participation_of_youth_in_Yemen_s_transition<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0635\u0642\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c &#8220;\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u060c&#8221;\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637\u060c 10 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\/\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2021\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.khuyut.com\/blog\/without-file\">https:\/\/www.khuyut.com\/blog\/without-file<\/a>\u061b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2004\u060c 251534 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649: <a href=\"https:\/\/yemenlg.org\/governorates\/dhamar\/\">https:\/\/yemenlg.org\/governorates\/dhamar\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8211; \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 2019\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/files\/UPR_32nd_Session_2019_en.pdf\">https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/files\/UPR_32nd_Session_2019_en.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/\u0622\u0628 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c 4 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2019\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/files\/Muhamasheen_en.pdf\">https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/files\/Muhamasheen_en.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0632\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c 14 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2021\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/yckp276d\">https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/yckp276d<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0634\u0641\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0632\u060c 17 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/\u0622\u0628 2021\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/mass-job-terminations-hit-hundreds-yemenis-saudi-arabia-2021-08-17\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/mass-job-terminations-hit-hundreds-yemenis-saudi-arabia-2021-08-17\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\/\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8211; \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 2019\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/files\/UPR_32nd_Session_2019_en.pdf\">https:\/\/sanaacenter.org\/files\/UPR_32nd_Session_2019_en.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 2011: \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c&#8221; \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 2011\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/mental_health\/evidence\/atlas\/profiles\/yem_mh_profile.pdf\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/mental_health\/evidence\/atlas\/profiles\/yem_mh_profile.pdf<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0633. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 7 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2016\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/features\/2016\/yemen-health-insecurity\/en\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/features\/2016\/yemen-health-insecurity\/en<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u062b\u0633\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/\u0622\u0628 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0632\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u060c 28 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 2021\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/en\/middle-east\/20210228-war-turning-yemen-into-broken-state-beyond-repair-un\">https:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/en\/middle-east\/20210228-war-turning-yemen-into-broken-state-beyond-repair-un<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0628\u0623 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0632\u0648\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 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href=\"https:\/\/www.unfpa.org\/news\/families-increasingly-resort-child-marriage-yemen%E2%80%99s-conflict-grinds\">https:\/\/www.unfpa.org\/news\/families-increasingly-resort-child-marriage-yemen\u2019s-conflict-grinds<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c 15 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href=\"https:\/\/www.youth4peace.info\/unscr2419\">https:\/\/www.youth4peace.info\/unscr2419<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">&#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u060c&#8221; \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c 22 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2021\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/mptf.undp.org\/document\/download\/26402\">https:\/\/mptf.undp.org\/document\/download\/26402<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f 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